Iot Protocols, Standarts and Technologies

connection protocols known on the internet of objects

Connection protocols known on the internet of objects, There are different iot connection protocols for engineers working as application developers in the product band covering the internet of objects. Choosing the most appropriate connection type according to the requirements of the product and the system is important to process the process efficiently. In this article, we reviewed 10 connection protocols that should be known on the internet of objects.

Bluetooth, What, Why

What is the bluetooth, Bluetooth continues to rise in the technology market as an important short-range communication technology in computers and many electronic products. Wearable products offer solutions to internet developers of objects with the expected Bluetooth, low-energy (BLE) and smart (Smart) brands and reduced power consumption, which is expected to be the key in connectivity technology.

While it offers many disadvantages due to its data size when used in Smart / BLE file transfer, it has a significant advantage over the advantages it provides in mobile device connectivity and integration. According to the Buletooth SIG, 90% of bluetooth-enabled smartphones, including iOS, android and windows-based models, will use "Smart Ready" technology in 2018. Internet protocol support and 6LoWPAN connection will also be available.

► Standard: Bluetooth 4.2 core specification

► Frequency: 2.4 GHz (ISM)

► Range: 50-150m (Smart / Ble)

► Data Transfer: 1Mbps

Bluetooth Technology

ZigBee, What, Why

What is the zigbee, ZigBee is similar to bluetooth. Based on the IEEE802.15.4 protocol, ZigBee is used in consumer and industrial equipment where sparse data exchange is required. Provides short-range communication. ZigBee Pro and ZigBee RF4CE models. ZigBee / RF4CE offers high security, robustness and high scalability with high node count for complex systems. With wireless control and adaptation in sensor networks, M2M has an important role in IOT applications. In the past few days, different wireless standards have been introduced into the ZigBee 3.0 market as a single standard.

► Standard: Zigbee 3.0 IEEE802.15.4

► Frequency: 2.4 GHz (ISM)

► Range: 10-100m (Smart / Ble)

► Data Transfer: 250Kbps

Z-Wave, What, Why

What is the z-wave, It is a low power RF communication technology designed for home and building automation. Providing up to 100kbit / s of data transmission, Z-Wave provides optimized, low-loss communication. It can provide up to 232 devices with high scalability. The biggest advantage is that it is independent and compatible with team work. For example; By opening the lights of the office, the temperature inside the office can be adjusted to a predetermined set value.

► Standard: Z-Wave Alliance ZAD12837 / ITU-T G.9959

► Frequency: 900 MHz (ISM)

► Range: 30m (Smart / Ble)

► Data Transfer: 9.6 / 40/100 Kbps

6LoWPAN, What, Why

What is the 6LoWPAN, IPv6 networking technology that works in accordance with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. It is used for stock monitoring and health monitoring devices especially for businesses that are producing or selling. It has a significant advantage due to its safe, long life and low memory usage. It has a medium-range coverage of 75 m. The addressing type is 16 and 64 bits.

► Standard: RFC 6282

► Frequency: Bluetooth Smart 2.4 GHz / ZigBee / Low Power RF

► Range: N / A

► Data Transfer: N / A

Thread, What, Why

What is the low-energy thread, It is a network protocol used in home automation. It is a wireless and mesh network structure. Hundreds of devices can be connected to each other or to the cloud with the low-energy Thread. Developed by a non-profit Thread Group. Samsung, Silicon Labs, and ARM.

► Standard: Thread (IEEE 802.15.4 and 6 LowPAN)

► Frequency: 2.4 GHz (ISM)

► Range: N / A

► Data Transfer: N / A

Wi-Fi, What, Why

What is the Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi connectivity is an indispensable choice for many developers. The wide availability of the existing infrastructure has a significant advantage as it is widely used in homes / offices and it is possible to transfer large amounts of data. However, it is used in more complicated applications because of the excessive power consumption of objects especially for small size devices in internet applications.

► Standard: 802.11n

► Frequency: 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz

► Range: Approx. 50m

► Data Transfer: Max 600Mbps

Wi-Fi Technology

Cellular Communication, What, Why

What is the Cellular Communication, 3G, 4G cellular communication options can be used for long distance applications of internet applications. If the application is not complex, compromising the speed of data transfer and using 3G instead of 4G will be the right choice in terms of power consumption. Raspberry Pi and Arduino, especially low cost development kits, are frequently used in such applications.

► Standard: GSM / GPRS / 2G / 3G / 4G

► Frequency: 900/1800/1900/2100 MHz

► Range: max 35 km for GSM

► Data Transfer: 3-10 Mbps for 4G, 600 kbps -10 Mbps for 3G HSPA

Cellular Communication

NFC, What, Why

What is the NFC, Why use NFC, NFC provides secure bi-directional communication for electronic devices. It is widely used in consumer electronics. Especially contactless card technology enables payment transactions to be done quickly. Information is exchanged on contactless cards at distances of at least 4 cm.

► Standard: ISO / IEC 18000-3
► Frequency: 13.56 MHz (ISM)
► Range: 10cm
► Data Transfer: 100-420 kbps

NFC Technology

Sigfox, What, Why

What is the sigfox, It is a type of cellular communication that uses ultra narrow bandwidth to minimize power consumption. Especially house / building timers and alarm systems, street lighting, security systems, especially smart houses and smart cities are used. With Sigfox, which consumes 50 microwatt power, it can be serviced for 20 years with 2.5Ah battery.

► Standard: Sigfox

► Frequency: 900 MHz

► Range: 30-50km in the city, 3-10km in the countryside

► Data Transfer: 10-1000 bps

LoRaWAN, What, Why

Using IOT and M2M applications. Wide area provides communication. It has optimum features for intelligent city and industrial applications. Low cost, mobile and bi-directional communication is the biggest advantage.

► Standard: LoRaWAN

► Frequency: Variable

► Range: 2-5km, 15km


► Data Transfer: 0.3-50 kbps